As a urologist and andrologist, who specialises in men’s health and fertility, I want to talk to the men out there about something incredibly important: your testicular health. It’s a crucial aspect of a man’s overall well-being, influencing everything from physical health to self-confidence. To illustrate why this is so important, let me share a story.
Michael, a healthy 35-year-old, started experiencing discomfort and swelling in his left testicle. Initially, he dismissed it, thinking it would go away. But as the pain worsened, he finally sought medical attention. His doctor diagnosed epididymo-orchitis (infection of the testicle) and prescribed antibiotics. Unfortunately, the pain persisted. Further investigation, including an ultrasound, revealed a tumour. Michael underwent surgery to remove the affected testicle. Thankfully, because he sought help promptly, the cancer was detected early, and he’s now doing well and under close monitoring. Michael eventually opted for a testicular implant, which helped him regain his confidence. This experience is a reminder: never ignore changes in your body.
Why Testicular Health Matters
Your testicles are essential for your overall health and well-being. They perform two vital functions:
- Hormone Production: They produce testosterone, which is essential for male characteristics, libido, bone health, muscle mass, and emotional well-being.
- Sperm Production: Healthy testicles produce sperm, which is necessary for fertility.
Maintaining testicular health directly impacts your vitality, fertility, and quality of life.
Understanding Your Testicles
The testicles are oval-shaped organs located within the scrotum, a loose pouch of skin below the penis. Each testicle is typically 4-5 centimetres long, firm, and smooth. Behind each testicle lies the epididymis, a small tube that stores and transports sperm.
Warning Signs
These symptoms require immediate medical attention:
- Sudden, severe pain in the scrotum: This could indicate testicular torsion, a medical emergency requiring immediate treatment within 6 hours to preserve the testicle.
- Intense scrotal swelling and pain accompanied by fever: This could be epididymo-orchitis, an infection requiring antibiotics. Persistent pain after antibiotic treatment warrants further investigation.
When to See a Doctor
These symptoms warrant a doctor’s visit:
- Persistent or recurring pain or discomfort in the testicles or scrotum.
- Noticeable swelling, lumps, or enlargement of a testicle.
- Heaviness or dull aching in the lower abdomen or groin.
- Fluid accumulation (hydrocele) causing scrotal swelling.
- Any change in the size, shape, or firmness of a testicle.
Common Testicular Conditions
Several conditions can affect the testicles. Early diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment:
- Epididymo-orchitis: Inflammation of the epididymis and testicle, often caused by infection. Antibiotics are typically effective, but persistent symptoms require further evaluation.
- Testicular Torsion: A twisting of the spermatic cord cutting off blood supply. This is a medical emergency requiring immediate surgical intervention.
- Varicoceles: Enlarged veins in the scrotum, similar to varicose veins in the legs. These can cause discomfort and may affect fertility. Treatment options include microsurgery.
- Testicular Cancer: A common cancer among men aged 20-40. Early detection is crucial. The primary symptom is often a painless lump or swelling in one testicle. Do not wait for pain before seeking medical advice if you detect a lump.
- Hydrocele: A fluid collection around the testicle, causing painless swelling. Often harmless in infants but may require surgery in adults.
Regular Testicular Self-Examination (TSE)
Regular monthly self-examinations are crucial for early detection:
- Perform the exam after a warm shower when the scrotum is relaxed.
- Gently roll each testicle between your thumb and fingers, checking for lumps, changes in consistency, or swelling.
- Familiarise yourself with your testicles’ normal size, shape, and texture to easily identify changes.
- This simple procedure takes only a few minutes but can save your life or fertility.
When to See a Urologist
Don’t hesitate to seek medical advice. Urologists are specialists trained to handle testicular issues discreetly and compassionately. Regular check-ups are recommended for maintaining your reproductive health and overall well-being.
Michael’s experience underscores the importance of vigilance regarding testicular health. Many testicular problems are treatable with good outcomes if detected early. Regular self-exams, awareness of symptoms, and prompt medical attention significantly improve the chances of successful treatment. Prioritize your health and take proactive steps to safeguard your testicular health, fertility, and overall well-being.
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Dr Joe Lee is a senior consultant urologist and andrologist with Asian Healthcare Specialists (AHS). He specialises in treating prostate conditions, urinary stones, complex penile disorders, and male infertility, with expertise in surgeries for prostate issues, stones, and penile implants.
He is currently the vice-president of the Singapore Men’s Health Society and an active member of the Singapore Urological Association.
https://drjoelee.asianhealthcare.com.sg/
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